Engineering and Applied Sciences
GSAS students at the John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences [SEAS] may work toward a PhD in one of four subjects: applied mathematics, applied physics, computer science, and engineering sciences. Within engineering sciences, students may pursue one of several fields including bioengineering, electrical engineering, environmental science and engineering, and materials science and mechanical engineering. Doctoral students can optionally earn the master of science (SM) en route to the PhD (referred to as the “masters in passing” by the Registrar’s Office) if they satisfy the requirements for that degree. Students may also be admitted to pursue a terminal SM in computational science and engineering [CSE] or in data science or a terminal master of engineering (ME) degree in computational science and engineering. SEAS also offers an MS/MBA program jointly with Harvard Business School with the SM in engineering sciences.
More information is available on the SEAS Graduate Policies pages.
Master of Science (SM)
In most subjects, the SM is awarded for the successful completion of eight semester-length (four-unit) courses comprising an integrated program of both depth and breadth. The program is developed in consultation with a field advisor and must be approved by the Committee on Higher Degrees (CHD). Students are expected to take as many of the courses as possible from the 200-level courses offered by SEAS. At least four of the eight must be SEAS courses, and a maximum of three 100-level courses may be substituted for 200-level offerings with CHD approval. (Note that the CHD only rarely approves SM course plans with three 100-level courses; having fewer is preferred.) A core of at least five SEAS or FAS 200-level technical courses is expected. Depending on the subject of the degree, one 299r, seminar, or other non-technical course may be included with CHD approval. Course selection for students in the MS/MBA program is more constrained than in other subjects. The SM in data science requires successful completion of twelve appropriate semester-length courses at Harvard.
Only letter-graded courses may be included in the program. All courses must be passed with a grade of C or better, and a B or better average grade must be maintained. Detailed requirements are available on the SEAS graduate policies pages.
No thesis, foreign language, or general examination is required. A thesis option is possible, although not in CSE nor in the MS/MBA program. The master's thesis is not recommended for AB/SM students.
Students admitted to the PhD program can apply for and receive the SM on completion of the requirements for the master’s degree in a given subject area. Prior approval of an SM program plan by the CHD is required, except for SEAS PhD students who are seeking the SM in the same subject as the PhD and whose approved PhD program plan coursework also meets the SM degree requirements.
Undergraduates in Harvard College may apply for admission to the AB/SM program (see the section "AB/AM, AB/SM Programs") for the fourth year and are subject to the SM requirements described in the SEAS graduate policies pages. The SM in data science is not available to AB/SM students.
Master of Engineering (ME)
The ME program admits students who wish to pursue more advanced formal training in research without undertaking the quantity of research required for the completion of a doctoral dissertation. The ME degree requires the successful completion of one year of course work and one year of research, including a final oral presentation of the thesis.
ME students must take 8 letter-graded courses that satisfy the same requirements as for the SM degree in their subject, plus eight additional research-oriented courses at the 300-level that result in the completion of the required ME thesis. The letter-graded courses must be completed with a B or better average grade; no course completed with a grade less than B- may be included.
The sixteen four-credit courses, including research courses, taken for this degree must form a coherent program plan approved by the CHD. Detailed requirements are available in the Policies of the CHD document. Students are expected to complete the requirements for the ME degree within four consecutive semesters. Continuation beyond the fourth semester will be granted only if there is reasonable assurance that the requirements can be completed by the end of the fifth semester.
No foreign language or general examination is required for the ME degree.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
The PhD requires a minimum academic residency of two years beyond the bachelor’s degree. Programs are individually developed in consultation with a field advisor and must be approved by the Committee on Higher Degrees (CHD), which also reviews any requests for exceptions to the requirements. There is no foreign language requirement.
Courses
Courses provide the background knowledge that is often needed to successfully complete research, and they allow one to learn more broadly about a field or related fields in a structured fashion. Students should work in close consultation with their advisor to develop an appropriate program of study (the "PhD program plan") that contains a minimum of 10 (four-unit) courses. The 10-course requirement is considered a minimum and not a goal; students are encouraged to take additional courses whenever appropriate. Of the 10 required courses for the PhD degree, at least 8 courses will normally be disciplinary courses, i.e., courses that provide the scientific, mathematical, and technical depth that students need for the graduate programs in engineering and applied science.
A prospective PhD program plan must be filed for review by the CHD before the beginning of spring recess during the student's second semester. A final PhD program plan must be submitted before Thanksgiving recess in the student's third semester. The student should submit a revised final PhD program plan whenever needed, i.e., if their courses as taken or intended to be taken change from the original program plan.
Each course must be passed with a grade of B- or better, and a B average must be maintained. Academic, but not financial, credit may be granted for graduate coursework done elsewhere while enrolled in a graduate program, but only if those courses are approved by the CHD as part of the degree program and justification for inclusion has been provided. Ordinarily, three is the maximum number of such courses that may be approved, and in many cases, fewer than three will be accepted. Detailed requirements are available on the SEAS graduate policies pages.
The first year may be spent primarily on coursework, or if the student is ready they may begin research. The second year is typically divided between coursework and research, with coursework completed during the third year if necessary.
Teaching
One semester of teaching is a SEAS requirement for the PhD degree. Second-year PhD students must serve as a Teaching Fellow for a SEAS course or for an FAS course outside of SEAS taught by a member of the SEAS ladder faculty (assistant, associate, or full professor). Students are welcome to teach beyond the one semester requirement if they wish and if their advisor is supportive of their doing so.
PhD Advising
When a student enters the PhD program, they are assigned a field advisor, based on the research interests they expressed in the application. The field advisor assists the student with developing, within the CHD guidelines, a program of courses that will provide the preparation needed for dissertation research.
During the first two semesters in the program, the student focuses on identifying a specific research area and a potential research advisor, who is often the student's original field advisor. However, if the student finds that another faculty member’s research more closely matches their interests, the student can ask that faculty member to become their advisor and provide their ongoing funding. If the original field advisor will not be the continuing research advisor, they provide assistance, if needed, in identifying other possible research areas and advisors. In either case, the student should discuss this question with and have agreement from a potential research advisor during the spring semester of the first year.
During the second year, the student finalizes the program of courses with the approval of the research advisor and the CHD, and a qualifying examination committee is developed, including faculty members nominated by the research advisor, the student, and the CHD. When the student passes the qualifying examination, the research advisor nominates a research committee, which oversees the student’s research and dissertation.
A research/dissertation committee exists throughout the rest of the student’s graduate career, with any necessary changes to its composition made by the research advisor. Any member of the research committee can serve as a source of information and advice for the student throughout subsequent graduate years, as can the members of the CHD. PhD students are expected to meet with members of their committees at least annually following the Oral Qualifying Examination.
The Oral Qualifying Examination
Preparation for research in the major field is evaluated in an oral examination by a qualifying committee. The examination has the dual purpose of verifying the adequacy of the student’s preparation for undertaking research in a chosen field and assessing the student’s ability to synthesize knowledge already acquired. Areas within SEAS have different customs regarding the detailed nature of the qualifying examination. For example, the format may principally involve the presentation and discussion of a potential dissertation topic. It may also include, to a lesser or greater degree, general questions in the chosen research field and related areas.
The qualifying exam committee is selected when the final PhD program plan is filed and consists of four Harvard faculty members, including at least two SEAS faculty members. One member is assigned by the CHD.
The qualifying examination should be taken in the fourth semester; any extension beyond the fourth semester must be approved by the CHD.
Three outcomes of the qualifying examination are possible. The exam committee may pass the student, fail the student, or (if it is the student's first attempt) judge the performance to be inconclusive. Within its discretion, the committee may stipulate further requirements, such as additional course work, a written examination, or presentation of a research proposal, as conditions that must be satisfied. If the qualifying examination is judged to be inconclusive, the student and committee may schedule a second examination, which must be conclusive. If the outcome of either examination is a failure, a student may not re-register, thus terminating degree candidacy.
Research and Dissertation
Upon successful completion of the qualifying examination, a committee usually consisting of three or four Harvard faculty members is selected and chaired by the research supervisor (if SEAS faculty) and constituted to oversee the dissertation research. The committee must include at least two SEAS faculty members, one of whom must be a senior faculty member. PhD students are expected to meet with members of their committee at least annually, with each subject area specifying the format of such meetings.
A dissertation must, in the judgment of the research committee, meet the standards of significant and original research. No prospectus is required. The dissertation should be a coherent document addressed to a broad audience in the subject area. A collection of manuscripts intended for publication as technical papers is not considered by SEAS to constitute an acceptable dissertation.
Final Oral Examination
When the dissertation is completed to the satisfaction of the research committee, generally in the fifth or sixth year, a final oral examination is scheduled at a time to which the committee has agreed.
This public examination devoted to the field of the dissertation is conducted by the student’s research committee. It consists of a presentation and defense of the dissertation itself and may also include more general questions relating to the field of the research.
At the end of the examination, the committee may accept the dissertation, possibly subject to revisions, or specify further requirements. Once the research committee has accepted the final dissertation, each member signs the dissertation acceptance certificate (DAC).
The final dissertation, including all required changes, must be submitted to the FAS Registrar’s Office by the appropriate deadline as published by the FAS Registrar’s Office or as listed in the GSAS Calendar. It is the student’s responsibility to know when their dissertation is due.